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2012年8月4日 星期六

lapse

lapse
[læps; læps] (發音來源)
滑...(小) 錯誤

照例先分享一則網路笑話。

God's Memory Lapse


A 40 years old woman had a heart attack and was taken to the hospital.
While on the operating table she saw God.
"Is my time up?" She asked. God said: "No, you have another 40 years to live."
Upon recovery, the woman decided to stay in the hospital and have a facelift, liposuction, eyelid surgery and breast implant. Since she had so much more time to live, she figured she might as well make the most of it.
After she completed all the operations, she was released from the hospital. While crossing the street on her way home, she was killed by an ambulance.
Arriving in front of God, she demanded, "I thought you said I had another 40 years. Why didn't you pull me from out of the path of the ambulance?"
God replied, "Sorry about that, I just didn't recognize you!"

什麼叫memory lapse?lapse有哪些意義?且看以下薛習四步。


單字解釋

lapse
[læps; læps]
《源自拉丁文「滑」的意思》<<可數名詞>>
1 [記憶、言詞等的] (小) 錯誤,失誤,差錯[of]
a ~ of the pen [tongue]
筆誤 [說錯]
a ~ of memory
一時想不起 [記錯]
2 a. [自信等的] 喪失; [習慣等的] 衰退,廢止[of, from]
a ~ of conscience
良心的喪失
a momentary ~ from his customary attentiveness
一時喪失慣常的專注
b. [從正路的] 一時的偏離,一時的失足[from]
a ~ from faith
背信
c. 陷入 [罪惡等] ,墮落[into]
a ~ into crime
犯罪
3 a. [時間的] 經過,推移[of]
a long ~ of time
一段長時間的流逝
after a ~ of two minutes
經過兩分鐘之後
b. (過去的短) 期間,時間
4『法律』 (權利、特權的) 消滅,失效
<<不及物動詞>>
1
a. 陷於 [罪惡中] ,墮落; 進入 [某種狀態] [into]
~ into idleness
變得懶惰
~ into silence [unconsciousness]
陷於沉默 [失去知覺]
~ into ruin
荒蕪成廢墟
b. [從正路] 偏離[from]
~ from good manners
行為失檢 [漸漸變壞]
2 <時間>在不知不覺之中流逝 [經過]
The days ~d away.
日子在不知不覺之中過去
3 『法律』
a. <權利、財產等> (因缺少條件或繼承人等而) 轉入 [他人手中] [to]
b. 失效,消滅; <任期> 屆滿
[lps]
n. 過失, 流逝, 失效
vi. 犯錯, 墮落, 減退, 消失, 流逝
vt. 使失效
[經] (權利, 時間等的)消失, 失效
相關詞組:
to lapse into silence
[lAps]
" 【GRE紅寶書】
LAPSE n. 失誤; (時間等)流逝
(英) n. 失誤(small error; fault);
(時間等)流逝(a gliding or passing away of time)
(考) inkling : indication / misdemeonar : crime / lapse : error / misbehavior :criminality
(程度: 暗示,指示/輕罪,罪行/小錯, 錯誤/行為不軌,犯罪行為)
(記) 參考relapse(病的復發),el apse(消逝,過去)

【GRE藍寶書】
n. 過失,小錯(a slight error typically due to forgetfulness or inattention)
(類) lapse·error=misbehavio r·criminality 小過錯·錯誤=輕罪·犯罪(程度)
misdemeanor·crime=laps e·error 輕罪·罪行=小錯·錯誤 (程度)

【不擇手段】
n (很小或暫時的)失誤=slip
(參) relapse(v /n 舊病復發);elapse(v 消逝)
(類) inkling:indication=mi sdemeanor:crime=lapse :error=misbehavior:cr iminality暗示是小指示=輕 罪是小罪行=小錯是小錯誤=行 為不軌是小犯罪行為

【21世紀英漢詞典】
lapse
lAps; lAps
《源自拉丁文「滑」的意思》
>
1 [記憶、言詞等的] (小) 錯誤,失誤,差錯[of
a ~ of the pen [tongue]
筆誤 [說錯]
a ~ of memory
一時想不起 [記錯]
2 a. [自信等的] 喪失; [習慣等的] 衰退,廢止[of, from
a ~ of conscience
良心的喪失
a momentary ~ from his customary attentiveness
一時喪失慣常的專注
b. [從正路的] 一時的偏離,一時的失足[from
a ~ from faith
背信
c. 陷入 [罪惡等] ,墮落[into
a ~ into crime
犯罪
3 a. [時間的] 經過,推移[of
a long ~ of time
一段長時間的流逝
after a ~ of two minutes
經過兩分鐘之後
b. (過去的短) 期間,時間
4『法律』 (權利、特權的) 消滅,失效
>
1 a. 陷於 [罪惡中] ,墮落; 進入 [某種狀態] [into
~ into idleness
變得懶惰
~ into silence [unconsciousness]
陷於沉默 [失去知覺]
~ into ruin
荒蕪成廢墟
b. [從正路] 偏離[from
~ from good manners
行為失檢 [漸漸變壞]
2 在不知不覺之中流逝 [經過]
The days ~d away.
日子在不知不覺之中過去
3 『法律』
a. (因缺少條件或繼承人等而) 轉入 [他人手中] [to
b. 失效,消滅; 屆滿


[=> To Q] "
[lAps]
【GRE藍寶書】
n. 時光流逝(elapse) 失效(expire)
(例) Years had lapsed since we last met. 從我們上次相遇後,幾年時間已 經過去了
She allowed her membership to lapse after the first year. 她聽任會員資格一年後失效



英字分解

la
[lɑ; lɑ:]
(固定唱法) C大調音階中的第六音
[音似]拉; 剌; 啦; 喇; 腊; 落; 辣; 臘; 邋; 蠟

p
[音似] 匹; 丕; 皮; 否; 屁; 批; 疲; 琵; 痞; 脾; 劈; 癖; 譬; 闢; 霹

se
apart 分開, move away from移走
[example]
secede






列根成形

la

p

se
移走
lapse
滑~(小) 錯誤

創義薛說


老婆時把眉毛移走到嘴唇上邊 ➔ 老公找醫生理論:「這都變成鬍子了, 你還說只是了一刀的(小) 錯誤!?」




lapse源自拉丁文的「滑」。所以我們應該用滑來貫串所有解釋。
第一個意思是錯誤,失誤,通常指小的。舌頭滑了一下,產生口誤(a lapse of the tongue);筆滑了一下,產生筆誤(a lapse of the pen)。經常滑出一些錯誤,恐怕就是能力衰退喪失。在人生路上lapse,就會失足陷入罪惡之中。時間lapse,就像滑走般地消逝。
知道lapse的意思後,你是否可以了解以下字詞的意義呢?elapse, collapse, prolapse, relapse. 有機會我們再拿來做文章。

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